This page covers the NCERT Class 12 Sociology book Social Change and Development in India. The book has 8 chapters across 128 printed pages, and every chapter’s official NCERT PDF is linked right here in the download table below.
Beyond the PDF, this page gives you a chapter-by-chapter breakdown taken from the textbook itself: the named sections of each chapter with the page each one begins on, and the activities and questions printed inside it.
If you arrived with a specific topic — land reforms, the Green Revolution, globalisation, mass media, the women’s movement — use the topic map below to land directly on the right section page.
Download the official book PDF
Every file below is NCERT’s own PDF for that chapter, hosted on ncert.nic.in — so you are downloading the official textbook file, not a third-party rehost. Each chapter is a separate file.
| Ch. | Chapter | Pages | Official PDF |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Structural Change | 14 | |
| 2 | Cultural Change | 16 | |
| 3 | Panchayati Raj Ministry prepares software to aid transfer of funds | 10 | |
| 4 | Change and 4 Development in Rural Society | 18 | |
| 5 | Change and 5 Development in Industrial Society | 12 | |
| 6 | Phir bhi dil is Hindustani | 18 | |
| 7 | Cell-shocked city suffers silently | 20 | |
| 8 | Social Movements | 20 |
The book at a glance
- 8 chapters, from Structural Change to Social Movements.
- 128 printed pages across the eight chapters.
- 33 named sections — each one a numbered heading NCERT prints in the book.
- 32 activities printed inside the chapters.
- 15 questions printed inside the chapters.
- All 8 chapter PDFs verified on ncert.nic.in.
One caution: textbook contents and the examinable syllabus are not always identical — the current official syllabus decides what is examinable.
Class 12 Sociology book Social Change and Development in India: chapter by chapter
| Ch. | Chapter | Sections | Activities | Figures | Questions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Structural Change | 2 | 3 | — | — |
| 2 | Cultural Change | 3 | 7 | — | — |
| 3 | Panchayati Raj Ministry prepares software to aid transfer of funds | 2 | 1 | — | — |
| 4 | Change and 4 Development in Rural Society | 6 | 3 | — | 9 |
| 5 | Change and 5 Development in Industrial Society | 7 | 3 | — | 2 |
| 6 | Phir bhi dil is Hindustani | 2 | 6 | — | 4 |
| 7 | Cell-shocked city suffers silently | 3 | 4 | — | — |
| 8 | Social Movements | 8 | 5 | — | — |
The directory below counts what the book actually prints. A section is one of NCERT’s numbered headings in the chapter; an activity is a printed activity box; a question is a question printed inside the chapter. This book prints no end-of-chapter exercise sets — its 15 questions sit inside chapters 4, 5 and 6.
The book’s illustrations are not numbered or captioned, so this page counts sections, activities and questions but does not count diagrams.
Which chapter answers your question
The quick map below takes a topic and points you to the exact chapter and section page. Every page reference comes from the book’s own printed section headings.
| If you are looking for | Chapter | Section | Page |
|---|---|---|---|
| Colonialism and how it changed India | 1 | Understanding Colonialism | 4 |
| Urbanisation and industrialisation | 1 | Urbanisation and Industrialisation | 6 |
| 19th-century social reform | 2 | Social Reform Movements in the 19th and Early 20th Century | 16 |
| Panchayati Raj and village democracy | 3 | The Panchayati Raj and the Challenges of Rural Social Transformation | 33 |
| Political parties and pressure groups | 3 | Political Parties, Pressure and Interest Groups in Democratic Politics | 38 |
| Caste and class in villages | 4 | Agrarian Structure: Caste and Class in Rural India | 44 |
| Land reforms | 4 | The Impact of Land Reforms | 45 |
| Green Revolution | 4 | The Green Revolution and its Social Consequences | 47 |
| Globalisation | 6 | Understanding Globalisation | 76 |
| Mass media — its beginnings | 7 | The Beginnings of Modern Mass Media | 92 |
| Media and globalisation | 7 | Globalisation and the Media | 98 |
| Types of social movements | 8 | Types of Social Movements | 114 |
| Women’s movement | 8 | The Women’s Movement | 125 |
Chapter 1: Structural Change (pp. 1-14)
Chapter 1, Structural Change, examines how British colonial rule restructured Indian society, then takes up urbanisation and industrialisation as the twin structural changes that followed. It is the frame chapter — read it before the rural and industrial development chapters, because the rest of the book builds on this structural point.
- Understanding Colonialism (p. 4)
- Urbanisation and Industrialisation (p. 6)
With 2 sections, 3 activities and no questions, it is a frame-setting opening with no question load of its own.
Chapter 2: Cultural Change (pp. 15-30)
Chapter 2, Cultural Change, works through the social reform movements of the 19th and early 20th century, then through the different kinds of social change. A student answering on reform, modernisation or cultural transformation starts here.
- Social Reform Movements in the 19th and Early 20th Century (p. 16)
- Different Kinds of Social Change (p. 19) — the printed heading repeats on the next page
- Different Kinds of Social Change (p. 20)
With 3 sections and 7 activities, this is the most activity-heavy chapter in the book — it carries 7 of the book’s 32 activities — and it prints no questions.
Chapter 3: The Story of Indian Democracy (pp. 31-40)
Chapter 3, The Story of Indian Democracy, looks at how the Panchayati Raj system took democracy to the village and the challenges of rural social transformation, then at political parties, pressure and interest groups in democratic politics. Answers on local governance, decentralisation or pressure groups live here.
- The Panchayati Raj and the Challenges of Rural Social Transformation (p. 33)
- Political Parties, Pressure and Interest Groups in Democratic Politics (p. 38)
With 2 sections, 1 activity and no questions, it is the book’s shortest chapter at 10 pages.
Chapter 4: Change and Development in Rural Society (pp. 41-58)
Chapter 4, Change and Development in Rural Society, moves through six themes: the agrarian structure of caste and class, the impact of land reforms, the Green Revolution and its social consequences, transformations in rural society after Independence, the circulation of labour, and globalisation and liberalisation in rural society.
Anyone answering on rural development, land reforms or the Green Revolution needs this chapter.
- Agrarian Structure: Caste and Class in Rural India (p. 44)
- The Impact of Land Reforms (p. 45)
- The Green Revolution and its Social Consequences (p. 47)
- Transformations in Rural Society After Independence (p. 50)
- Circulation of Labour (p. 52)
- Globalisation, Liberalisation, and Rural Society (p. 53)
With 6 sections, 3 activities and 9 questions, this is the book’s question-heavy chapter — well over half of the book’s 15 questions sit in this one chapter.
Chapter 5: Change and Development in Industrial Society (pp. 59-70)
Chapter 5, Change and Development in Industrial Society, covers images of industrial society, industrialisation in India, how people find jobs, how work is carried out, working conditions, home-based work, and strikes and unions. It is the chapter for questions on industrialisation, labour or working conditions.
- Images of Industrial Society (p. 60)
- Industrialisation in India (p. 61)
- How People Find Jobs (p. 64)
- How is Work Carried Out? (p. 65)
- Working Conditions (p. 68)
- Home-Based Work (p. 69)
- Strikes and Unions (p. 69)
With 7 sections across just 12 pages, it is the book’s most finely divided chapter — 3 activities and 2 questions ride along.
Chapter 6: Globalisation and Social Change (pp. 71-88)
Chapter 6, Globalisation and Social Change, asks whether global interconnections are new to the world and to India, then builds an understanding of globalisation. Any question that mentions globalisation, liberalisation or cultural flow reaches for this chapter.
- Are Global Interconnections New to World and to India (p. 74)
- Understanding Globalisation (p. 76)
With 2 sections, 6 activities and 4 questions across 18 pages, it is the second most activity-heavy chapter and one of only three that print questions.
Chapter 7: Mass Media and Communications (pp. 89-108)
Chapter 7, Mass Media and Communications, moves from the beginnings of modern mass media to mass media in independent India, then to globalisation and the media. Answers on print media, television or media and globalisation start here.
- The Beginnings of Modern Mass Media (p. 92)
- Mass Media in Independent India (p. 94)
- Globalisation and the Media (p. 98)
With 3 sections, 4 activities and no questions across 20 pages, it is tied with Chapter 8 as the book’s longest chapter.
Chapter 8: Social Movements (pp. 109-128)
Chapter 8, Social Movements, opens with the features of a social movement and what sociology adds to studying movements, then surveys the types: ecological, class based, caste based, tribal and the women’s movement. Any question that names a movement type lands here.
- Features of a Social Movement (p. 111)
- Sociology and Social Movements (p. 113)
- Types of Social Movements (p. 114)
- Ecological Movements (p. 116)
- Class Based Movements (p. 118)
- Caste Based Movements (p. 121)
- The Tribal Movements (p. 123)
- The Women’s Movement (p. 125)
With 8 sections across 20 pages, it has the book’s longest section list — 5 activities and no questions.
Study pages for this book’s chapters
The table below lists each chapter’s study page on this site and its current status.
| Ch. | Chapter page |
|---|---|
| 1 | Structural Change (coming soon) |
| 2 | Cultural Change (coming soon) |
| 3 | Panchayati Raj Ministry prepares software to aid transfer of funds (coming soon) |
| 4 | Change and 4 Development in Rural Society (coming soon) |
| 5 | Change and 5 Development in Industrial Society (coming soon) |
| 6 | Phir bhi dil is Hindustani (coming soon) |
| 7 | Cell-shocked city suffers silently (coming soon) |
| 8 | Social Movements (coming soon) |
How to use this book for revision
The order below follows the book’s own logic — the frame chapters first, the development core second, and the movement survey last.
- Chapter 1 Structural Change first — colonialism and urbanisation are the frame every later chapter assumes.
- Chapters 4 and 5 next — the development core. Chapter 4 carries 9 of the book’s 15 questions and Chapter 5 carries 2, so the question load concentrates here.
- Chapter 2 Cultural Change before Chapter 6 Globalisation — the reform-and-change chapter sets up the globalisation discussion.
- Chapter 7 Mass Media and Communications — read as the applied chapter, after the development and globalisation core.
- Chapter 8 Social Movements last — its eight sections on ecological, class, caste, tribal and women’s movements collect the threads of the earlier chapters.
What the counts show:
- Chapter length: Chapters 7 and 8 are the longest at 20 pages each; Chapter 3 is the shortest at 10.
- Activity load: Chapter 2 carries 7 activities and Chapter 3 just 1 — the book expects observation and discussion work mostly in the cultural-change chapter.
- Questions: all 15 sit inside chapters 4, 5 and 6, so answer them while reading, not at the end.
One caution: textbook contents and the examinable syllabus are not always identical — check the current official syllabus.
Related NCERT book pages
- Class 12 NCERT books hub — every Class 12 subject’s NCERT book page in one place.
- NCERT books by class and subject — the full directory of this site’s NCERT book pages.
Sources and data verification
This listing is maintained for the 2026-27 academic session using the NCERT textbook information available to us. NCERT remains the authority for confirming the latest edition.
- The chapter and section data on this page come from the NCERT textbook Social Change and Development in India, Class 12 Sociology, official edition on ncert.nic.in. This page quotes section titles and page references only.
- This page covers the eight chapters of that one textbook — no other book or subject.
- The listing is maintained for the current academic session, using the NCERT information available to us.
- NCERT settles textbooks, editions and official PDFs; CBSE settles curriculum, syllabus and examinations.
Reference: NCERT Class 12 Sociology textbook, official edition on ncert.nic.in. Figure captions and section titles quoted from the textbook; page references are to the official PDF.
Frequently asked questions
How many chapters are in the Class 12 Sociology book Social Change and Development in India?
Eight chapters across 128 printed pages, from Structural Change to Social Movements. Each chapter’s official PDF is linked in the download table above.
Is the Class 12 Sociology book PDF free and official?
Yes. The PDFs are NCERT’s own files hosted on ncert.nic.in, and every chapter link in the download table opens the official file.
Which chapter covers globalisation?
Chapter 6, Globalisation and Social Change (pp. 71-88). Understanding Globalisation begins on p. 76, and media and globalisation is Chapter 7’s third section (p. 98).
Which chapter covers the Green Revolution and land reforms?
Chapter 4, Change and Development in Rural Society (pp. 41-58). The Impact of Land Reforms starts at p. 45 and the Green Revolution at p. 47.
Does the book have exercise questions at the end of chapters?
No. The book prints no end-of-chapter exercise sets. Its 15 questions sit inside chapters 4, 5 and 6 — 9, 2 and 4 respectively — so answer them as you read the chapter.